That looks like density patches. In other machines I'm more familiar with, the device with run control patches on the ITB - the machine's density sensor will read the patches, then if need be, do an adjustment.
However, sometimes a timing issue will cause the patches to print at the wrong time, placing them on the paper, not the belt. Or, it could be the ITB cleaning station not being able to clean the patches off the belt.
It looks more like the cleaning station actually. The patches looks the station made an attempt to clean the belt, and failed. The print shows definite signs of drag or friction from contact either during or prior to transferring the toner to the paper. Since the image (artwork) looks clean, and the patches do not, it appears it's contacting something prior to the final transfer. IE the cleaning station, or cleaning blade. I would look there.